$shift(聚合)
定义
新版本5.0.
返回一个值表达式被应用于相对于当前文档的指定位置的文档,在$setWindowFields阶段分区。
$setWindowFields阶段的sortBy字段值决定了文档的顺序。有关MongoDB如何比较不同类型的字段的信息,请参阅BSON比较顺序。
$shift仅适用于$setWindowFields阶段。
$shift语法
{ $shift: { output: <output expression>, by: <integer>, default: <default expression> } }
$shift接受包含以下字段的文档
行为
$shift 在 窗口 被指定在 $setWindowFields 阶段时将返回一个错误。
示例
创建一个包含加利福尼亚(CA)和华盛顿(WA)各州蛋糕销售的 cakeSales 集合
db.cakeSales.insertMany( [ { _id: 0, type: "chocolate", orderDate: new Date("2020-05-18T14:10:30Z"), state: "CA", price: 13, quantity: 120 }, { _id: 1, type: "chocolate", orderDate: new Date("2021-03-20T11:30:05Z"), state: "WA", price: 14, quantity: 140 }, { _id: 2, type: "vanilla", orderDate: new Date("2021-01-11T06:31:15Z"), state: "CA", price: 12, quantity: 145 }, { _id: 3, type: "vanilla", orderDate: new Date("2020-02-08T13:13:23Z"), state: "WA", price: 13, quantity: 104 }, { _id: 4, type: "strawberry", orderDate: new Date("2019-05-18T16:09:01Z"), state: "CA", price: 41, quantity: 162 }, { _id: 5, type: "strawberry", orderDate: new Date("2019-01-08T06:12:03Z"), state: "WA", price: 43, quantity: 134 } ] )
下面的示例使用 cakeSales 集合。
使用正整数进行偏移
此示例使用 $shift 在 $setWindowFields 阶段来输出每个 state 的当前文档之后的蛋糕销售 quantity。
db.cakeSales.aggregate( [ { $setWindowFields: { partitionBy: "$state", sortBy: { quantity: -1 }, output: { shiftQuantityForState: { $shift: { output: "$quantity", by: 1, default: "Not available" } } } } } ] )
在示例中
partitionBy: "$state"按state分区 集合中的文档。有CA和WA的分区。sortBy: { quantity: -1 }按quantity降序(-1)对每个分区的文档进行排序,因此最高quantity是第一。
在
sortBy之后输出
在此示例输出中,偏移后的 数量 值显示在每个返回的文档的 shiftQuantityForState 字段中
{ "_id" : 4, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-05-18T16:09:01Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 41, "quantity" : 162, "shiftQuantityForState" : 145 } { "_id" : 2, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-01-11T06:31:15Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 12, "quantity" : 145, "shiftQuantityForState" : 120 } { "_id" : 0, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-05-18T14:10:30Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 120, "shiftQuantityForState" : "Not available" } { "_id" : 1, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-03-20T11:30:05Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 14, "quantity" : 140, "shiftQuantityForState" : 134 } { "_id" : 5, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-01-08T06:12:03Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 43, "quantity" : 134, "shiftQuantityForState" : 104 } { "_id" : 3, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-02-08T13:13:23Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 104, "shiftQuantityForState" : "Not available" }
使用负整数进行偏移
此示例在 $shift 的 $setWindowFields 阶段中使用,以输出每个 状态 当前文档之前的蛋糕销售数量。
db.cakeSales.aggregate( [ { $setWindowFields: { partitionBy: "$state", sortBy: { quantity: -1 }, output: { shiftQuantityForState: { $shift: { output: "$quantity", by: -1, default: "Not available" } } } } } ] )
在示例中
partitionBy: "$state"按state分区 集合中的文档。有CA和WA的分区。sortBy: { quantity: -1 }按quantity降序(-1)对每个分区的文档进行排序,因此最高quantity是第一。
在
sortBy之后输出
在此示例输出中,偏移后的 数量 值显示在每个返回的文档的 shiftQuantityForState 字段中
{ "_id" : 4, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-05-18T16:09:01Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 41, "quantity" : 162, "shiftQuantityForState" : "Not available" } { "_id" : 2, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-01-11T06:31:15Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 12, "quantity" : 145, "shiftQuantityForState" : 162 } { "_id" : 0, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-05-18T14:10:30Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 120, "shiftQuantityForState" : 145 } { "_id" : 1, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-03-20T11:30:05Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 14, "quantity" : 140, "shiftQuantityForState" : "Not available" } { "_id" : 5, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-01-08T06:12:03Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 43, "quantity" : 134, "shiftQuantityForState" : 140 } { "_id" : 3, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-02-08T13:13:23Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 104, "shiftQuantityForState" : 134 }