使用核心 API

{ _id: 98765, orders: [] }

{ item: "sunblock", item_id: 5432, qty: 85 },
{ item: "beach towel", item_id: 7865, qty: 41 }

const cart = [
  { item: 'sunblock', item_id: 5432, qty: 1, price: 5.19 },
  { item: 'beach towel', item_id: 7865, qty: 2, price: 15.99 }
];
const payment = { customer: 98765, total: 37.17 };

async function placeOrder(client, cart, payment) {
  const transactionOptions = {
    readConcern: { level: 'snapshot' },
    writeConcern: { w: 'majority' },
    readPreference: 'primary'
  };
  // Start the session
  const session = client.startSession();
  try {
    // Start the transaction in the session, specifying the transaction options
    session.startTransaction(transactionOptions);
    const ordersCollection = client.db('testdb').collection('orders');
    /* Within the session, insert an order that contains information about the
    customer, items purchased, and the total payment */
    const orderResult = await ordersCollection.insertOne(
      {
        customer: payment.customer,
        items: cart,
        total: payment.total,
      },
      { session }
    );
    const inventoryCollection = client.db('testdb').collection('inventory');
    
    for (const item of order) {  
      /* Update the inventory for the purchased items. End the
      transaction if the quantity of an item in the inventory is
      insufficient to complete the purchase. */
      const inStock = await inventoryCollection.findOneAndUpdate(
        {
          item_id: item.item_id,
          item_id: { $gte: item.qty }
        },
        { $inc: { 'qty': -item.qty }},
        { session }
      )
      if (inStock === null) {
        throw new Error('Insufficient quantity or item ID not found.');
      }
    }
    const customerCollection = client.db('testdb').collection('customers');
    // Within the session, add the order details to the "orders" array of the customer document
    await customerCollection.updateOne(
      { _id: payment.customer },
      { $push:  { orders: orderResult.insertedId }},
      { session }
    );
    // Commit the transaction to apply all updates performed within it
    await session.commitTransaction();
    console.log('Transaction successfully committed.');
  } catch (error) {
    /*
      Handle any exceptions thrown during the transaction and end the
      transaction. Roll back all the updates performed in the transaction.
    */
    if (error instanceof MongoError && error.hasErrorLabel('UnknownTransactionCommitResult')) {
      // Add your logic to retry or handle the error
    }
    else if (error instanceof MongoError && error.hasErrorLabel('TransientTransactionError')) {
      // Add your logic to retry or handle the error
    } else {
      console.log('An error occured in the transaction, performing a data rollback:' + error);
    }
    await session.abortTransaction();
  } finally {
    // End the session
    await session.endSession();
  }
}